[79], Japan is substantially prone to earthquakes, tsunami and volcanoes because of its location along the Pacific Ring of Fire. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses. [176] Relative to gross domestic product, Japan's research and development budget is the second highest in the world,[177] with 867,000 researchers sharing a 19-trillion-yen research and development budget as of 2017[update]. Although it has renounced its right to declare war, the country maintains Self-Defense Forces that are ranked as the world's fourth-most powerful military. Hoping to encourage more births, the government instituted the “Angel Plan” in 1994 to assist couples in raising children. [72] The Ryukyu Islands, which include Okinawa, are a chain to the south of Kyushu. The territory covers 377,976.41 km 2 (145,937.51 sq mi). 38. [279] Kumi-daiko (ensemble drumming) was developed in postwar Japan and became very popular in North America. [237], Japanese writing uses kanji (Chinese characters) and two sets of kana (syllabaries based on cursive script and radical of kanji), as well as the Latin alphabet and Arabic numerals. In den übrigen entwickelten Ländern - ausgenommen Japan mit 330 Einwohnern pro km2 - ist die Bevölke rungsdichte sehr gering. [29], Tokugawa Ieyasu served as regent for Hideyoshi's son Toyotomi Hideyori and used his position to gain political and military support. Voir toutes les cartes Une grande puissance en sursis ? 28. [106] Japan's main imports are machinery and equipment, fossil fuels, foodstuffs, chemicals, and raw materials for its industries. Payment for personal medical services is offered through a universal health insurance system that provides relative equality of access, with fees set by a government committee. [158] Because of this lack of arable land, a system of terraces is used to farm in small areas. auch nach einem starken Erdbeben in Japan durch Zufall wurde mit einem Kernreaktor Explosion getrof fe n , viele O p fe r dieser Katastrophe Unglück, das empörend Kleidung und Nahrungsmittelknappheit, und das Trauma des japanis ch e n Einwohner u n d Bürger von Indonesien … [163] Japan maintains one of the world's largest fishing fleets and accounts for nearly 15% of the global catch,[74] prompting critiques that Japan's fishing is leading to depletion in fish stocks such as tuna. [16] This was followed from around 14,500 BC (the start of the Jōmon period) by a Mesolithic to Neolithic semi-sedentary hunter-gatherer culture characterized by pit dwelling and rudimentary agriculture. [51][47] The Japanese population doubled from 35 million in 1873 to 70 million by 1935, with a significant shift to urbanization. Elle … [233] Throughout the latest century, Western customs originally related to Christianity (including Western style weddings, Valentine's Day and Christmas) have become popular as secular customs among many Japanese. Tottori 三方郡, -gun) ist ein Landkreis in der Präfektur Fukui in Japan. [259] Traditional Japanese arts include crafts such as ceramics, textiles, lacquerware, swords and dolls; performances of bunraku, kabuki, noh, dance, and rakugo; and other practices, the tea ceremony, ikebana, martial arts, calligraphy, origami, onsen, Geisha and games. Rechercher un sujet Saisissez vos mots-clés séparés par des espaces puis cochez les rubriques dans lesquelles rechercher. [221] A growing number of younger Japanese are not marrying or remain childless. Ehime [301] Japanese television dramas are viewed both within Japan and internationally;[302] other popular shows are in the genres of variety shows, comedy, and news programs. In 1896, Japan established a civil code based on the German Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch, which remains in effect with post–World War II modifications. [64][65] The Allies convened the International Military Tribunal for the Far East to prosecute Japanese leaders for war crimes. [141][142] According to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, among the member states of the UN that report statistics as of 2018[update], the incidence rates of violent crimes such as murder, abduction, sexual violence and robbery are very low in Japan. [53] The Allies (led by the United States) repatriated millions of Japanese settlers from their former colonies and military camps throughout Asia, largely eliminating the Japanese empire and its influence over the territories it conquered. Le Japon va perdre 30 millions d’habitants d’ici 2050. [253], Health care is provided by national and local governments. Saitama [239], Besides Japanese, the Ryukyuan languages (Amami, Kunigami, Okinawan, Miyako, Yaeyama, Yonaguni), part of the Japonic language family, are spoken in the Ryukyu Islands chain. Dans les autres pays développés - à l'exception du Japon qui compte 330 habitants par km2 -, les densités sont très faibles. [84] More recent major quakes are the 1995 Great Hanshin earthquake and the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake, which triggered a large tsunami. [94][95] Four sites have been inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List for their outstanding natural value. [155], Japan ranks highly for competitiveness and economic freedom. [325], Japan hosted the Summer Olympics in Tokyo in 1964 and the Winter Olympics in Sapporo in 1972 and Nagano in 1998. The explorer entered a lunar orbit on October 4, 2007,[189][190] and was deliberately crashed into the Moon on June 11, 2009. Osaka [36], During the 16th century, Portuguese traders and Jesuit missionaries reached Japan for the first time, initiating direct commercial and cultural exchange between Japan and the West. [11], The name Japan is based on the Chinese pronunciation and was introduced to European languages through early trade. The culture of Japan is well-known around the world, including its art, cuisine, music, and popular culture, which encompasses prominent animation and video game industries. [161] There has been a growing concern about farming as farmers are aging with a difficult time finding successors. Selon l'estimation du 1er décembre 2011, sa population était de 10 380 habitants pour une superficie de 152,32 km2, donnant ainsi une densité de population de 68,1 hab./km². [100] Japan is the world's fifth largest emitter of carbon dioxide. [106] Elected in the 2020 Japanese prime minister election, Yoshihide Suga is Japan's prime minister. [210], Japan's population is 98.1% ethnic Japanese as of 2016[update],[74] with small populations of foreign workers. [13] The first version of the name in English appears in a book published in 1577, which spelled the name as Giapan in a translation of a 1565 Portuguese letter. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Demographics of Japan. [118] The United States is a major market for Japanese exports and a major source of Japanese imports, and is committed to defending the country, with military bases in Japan. [270] The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter is considered the oldest extant Japanese narrative. 43. Japan has a high population density - on 1 km2 is home to over 330 people. [260] Twenty-two sites have been inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List, eighteen of which are of cultural significance. [77][78] As of 2014[update], approximately 0.5% of Japan's total area is reclaimed land (umetatechi). [304], Japan has one of the oldest and largest film industries globally. [53][60] On December 7–8, 1941, Japanese forces carried out surprise attacks on Pearl Harbor, as well as on British forces in Malaya, Singapore, and Hong Kong, among others, beginning World War II in the Pacific. [115] It is the world's fifth largest donor of official development assistance, donating US$9.2 billion in 2014. 42. [257] Japan has the lowest rate of heart disease in the OECD, and the lowest level of dementia in the developed world. [29] This marked the beginning of the Heian period (794–1185), during which a distinctly indigenous Japanese culture emerged. Since 1947, Japan has maintained a unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy with a bicameral legislature, the National Diet. [143][144][145][146], Japan is the third largest national economy in the world, after the United States and China, in terms of nominal GDP,[147] and the fourth largest national economy in the world, after the United States, China and India, in terms of purchasing power parity as of 2019[update]. [249] Japan is one of the top-performing OECD countries in reading literacy, math and sciences with the average student scoring 529 and has one of the world's highest-educated labor forces among OECD countries. Streets roads and buildings on sattellite photos. In 1937, Japan invaded China; in 1941, it entered World War II as an Axis power. [246] The two top-ranking universities in Japan are the University of Tokyo and Kyoto University. [247] Starting in April 2016, various schools began the academic year with elementary school and junior high school integrated into one nine-year compulsory schooling program; MEXT plans for this approach to be adopted nationwide. es un distrito localizado en la prefectura de Fukui, Japón. Kapysa is one of the 34 provinces of afghanistan. Mikata (jap. Because of its far-flung outlying islands, Japan has the sixth largest Exclusive Economic Zone in the world, covering 4,470,000 km2 (1,730,000 sq mi). [170] Banking, retail, transportation, and telecommunications are all major industries, with companies such as Toyota, Mitsubishi UFJ, -NTT, ÆON, Softbank, Hitachi, and Itochu listed as among the largest in the world. [162], Japan ranked seventh in the world in tonnage of fish caught and captured 3,167,610 metric tons of fish in 2016, down from an annual average of 4,000,000 tons over the previous decade. [121] The 1990s saw increased interest in Korean culture in Japan, particularly related to food, travel, and the World Cup. [138] The Special Assault Team comprises national-level counter-terrorism tactical units that cooperate with territorial-level Anti-Firearms Squads and Counter-NBC Terrorism Squads. Toyama [106] Japan has a low unemployment rate of around 2.4 percent. 300 B.C. [53][56][57] This process accelerated during the 1930s, spawning a number of radical nationalist groups that shared a hostility to liberal democracy and a dedication to expansion in Asia. [148] As of 2019[update], Japan's public debt was estimated at around 230 percent of its annual gross domestic product, the largest of any rated nation,[149] and Japan's labor force consisted of 67 million workers. Between the 4th and 9th centuries, the kingdoms of Japan became unified under an emperor and his imperial court based in Heian-kyō. [41] The Edo period gave rise to kokugaku ("national studies"), the study of Japan by the Japanese. Aomori ", "Prewar bayonetting martial art makes return to schools", "Favorite sports to watch in Japan as of September 2019", "Soccer as a Popular Sport: Putting Down Roots in Japan", "Every FIFA World Cup champion: Brazil, Germany, Italy historically dominate tournament", "Sato revels in glow of historic Indy 500 triumph", "Le Japon et les 24 Heures du Mans en infographie", "For the Love of Cars: Auto Racing in Japan", "IOC selects Tokyo as host of 2020 Summer Olympic Games", "The Game – World Championships – FIVB Women's World Championships Finals", Prime Minister of Japan and His Cabinet Official website, China–Japan–South Korea trilateral summit, Comprehensive Economic Partnership for East Asia, China–Japan–Korea Friendship Athletic Meeting, Association of East Asian Research Universities, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Japan&oldid=1000829138, Articles containing Japanese-language text, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters, Articles containing Chinese-language text, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2019, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2014, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2020, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2018, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2017, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2013, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2016, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with TDVİA identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 16 January 2021, at 23:03. [272][273], During the Edo period, the chōnin ("townspeople") overtook the samurai aristocracy as producers and consumers of literature. 19. [106] There is universal suffrage for adults over 18 years of age,[107] with a secret ballot for all elected offices. [261] Japanese manga developed in the 20th century and have become popular worldwide. Many Japanese people practice both Shinto and Buddhism; they can either identify with both religions or describe themselves as non-religious or spiritual. [104], Japan's legislative organ is the National Diet, a bicameral parliament. In 1893, pro-American elements in Hawaii overthrew the Hawaiian monarchy and formed the Republic of Hawaii, which the U.S. annexed in 1898. Fukui est un district de la préfecture de Fukui au Japon. [139] The Japan Coast Guard guards territorial waters surrounding Japan and uses surveillance and control countermeasures against smuggling, marine environmental crime, poaching, piracy, spy ships, unauthorized foreign fishing vessels, and illegal immigration. Population, total - Japan ( 1 ) United Nations Population Division. [116] In 2017, Japan had the fifth largest diplomatic network in the world. [314] The country co-hosted the 2002 FIFA World Cup with South Korea. 25. 10,500–ca. Tokushima 12. [53], The Empire of Japan invaded other parts of China in 1937, precipitating the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945). Kagawa [69], Japan comprises 6852 islands extending along the Pacific coast of Asia. [12] The old Malay name for Japan, Japang or Japun, was borrowed from a southern coastal Chinese dialect and encountered by Portuguese traders in Southeast Asia, who brought the word to Europe in the early 16th century. [250][249][251] As of 2017[update], Japan's public spending on education amounted to just 3.3 percent of its GDP, below the OECD average of 4.9 percent. Kyoto [181] Japan has the second highest number of researchers in science and technology per capita in the world with 14 per 1000 employees. [129] The country's military (the Japan Self-Defense Forces) is restricted by Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution, which renounces Japan's right to declare war or use military force in international disputes. In the Meiji period, the Empire of Japan adopted a Western-styled constitution and pursued a program of industrialization and modernization. [284], Ishin-denshin (以心伝心) is a Japanese idiom which denotes a form of interpersonal communication through unspoken mutual understanding. [23], Japan first appears in written history in the Chinese Book of Han, completed in 111 AD. It consists of 6,852 islands. It is the largest city in Hubei and the most populous city in Central China, with a population of over 11 million, the ninth-most populous Chinese city and … Population Pyramids: Japan - 2009. [286] Hansei (反省) is a central idea in Japanese culture, meaning to acknowledge one's own mistake and to pledge improvement. Yamaguchi, 36. Precipitation is not heavy, but the islands usually develop deep snowbanks in the winter. [198] By May 2012 all of the country's nuclear power plants had been taken offline because of ongoing public opposition following the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster in March 2011, though government officials continued to try to sway public opinion in favor of returning at least some to service. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100. Miyagi [186] The space probe Akatsuki was launched in 2010 and achieved orbit around Venus in 2015. [312] Japan's top professional league, Nippon Professional Baseball, was established in 1936.